select.php

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<?php
$vars['class'] = elgg_extract_class($vars, [
    'elgg-input-dropdown', // legacy class
    'elgg-input-select',
]);

$defaults = [
    'disabled' => false,
    'value' => '',
];

$vars = array_merge($defaults, $vars);

$options_values = [];

// turn options into options_values
$options = elgg_extract('options', $vars, []);
unset($vars['options']);

foreach ($options as $option) {
    if (is_array($option)) {
        if (!isset($option['value'])) {
            $option['value'] = elgg_extract('text', $option);
        }
    } else {
        $option = [
            'text' => $option,
            'value' => $option,
        ];
    }

    $options_values[] = $option;
}

// provided options_values trump options
$options_values = elgg_extract('options_values', $vars, $options_values);
unset($vars['options_values']);

$normalize_options = function($options) use (&$normalize_options) {
    foreach ($options as $key => $option) {
        if (is_string($option)) {
            $option = [
                'text' => $option,
                'value' => $key,
            ];
        }

        $optgroup = elgg_extract('options', $option);
        if (is_array($optgroup)) {
            $option['options'] = $normalize_options($optgroup);
        }

        $options[$key] = $option;
    }

    return $options;
};

$options_values = $normalize_options($options_values);

$value = is_array($vars['value']) ? $vars['value'] : [$vars['value']];
$value = array_map('strval', $value);
unset($vars['value']);

$vars['multiple'] = !empty($vars['multiple']);

// Add trailing [] to name if multiple is enabled to allow the form to send multiple values
if ($vars['multiple'] && !empty($vars['name']) && is_string($vars['name'])) {
    if (substr($vars['name'], -2) != '[]') {
        $vars['name'] = elgg_extract('name', $vars) . '[]';
    }
}

$render_option = function($option) use ($value) {
    $opt_value = elgg_extract('value', $option);

    $text = elgg_extract('text', $option);
    unset($option['text']);

    if (!is_string($text) && !is_numeric($text)) {
        elgg_log('No text defined for input/select option with value "' . $opt_value . '"', 'NOTICE');
    }

    if (!isset($option['selected'])) {
        $option['selected'] = isset($opt_value) && in_array((string) $opt_value, $value);
    }
    
    if (!isset($option['title'])) {
        $option['title'] = $text;
    }

    return elgg_format_element('option', $option, $text);
};

$options_list = '';

foreach ($options_values as $option) {
    $options = elgg_extract('options', $option);

    if (is_array($options)) {
        $optgroup_attrs = $option;
        unset($optgroup_attrs['options']);
        
        $optgroup = '';
        foreach ($options as $group_option) {
            $optgroup .= $render_option($group_option);
        }

        $options_list .= elgg_format_element('optgroup', $optgroup_attrs, $optgroup);
    } else {
        $options_list .= $render_option($option);
    }
}

echo elgg_format_element('select', $vars, $options_list);